The Dynamic Syntax of Chinese Passive Constructions

Yicheng Wu

This paper addresses the issue of Bei Constructions as passive constructions in Mandarin Chinese within the theoretical framework of Dynamic Syntax (Kempson et al.2001). On the basis of a detailed examination of the basic facts about Bei Constructions, it is claimed that (i) the morpheme Bei is actually a voice particle devoid of any semantic content, precisely an indicator of the inverse direction of action; it is by virtue of this peculiar function that Bei is generally regarded as marker of passives and Bei sentences are universally considered as passives in Chinese; (ii) from the typological perspective, the voice behaviour in Chinese is a type of pragmatic voice; from the functional perspective, Bei Constructions share certain similarities with topic constructions and thus can be treated as a species of left dislocation. Under the dynamic approach, various patterns of Bei Constructions have been successfully characterised in an original and elegant way.